Data Governance

Source Registry

Every score, comparison, and recommendation on Place Signals is traceable to a known, documented data source. Browse our canonical inventory of public and proprietary datasets.

Active in Pipelinedemographics

American Community Survey 5-year

U.S. Census Bureau

Population, households, income, commuting, education, housing, and affordability context.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:annual / 5-year estimates
Active in Pipelinebusiness formation

Business Formation Statistics

U.S. Census Bureau

Business applications, high-propensity applications, and projected formations.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:monthly and annual

Extracted Signals

business applicationshigh-propensity applicationsprojected formationsstartup momentum
Active in Pipelinepoi competition

County Business Patterns

U.S. Census Bureau

Establishment counts, employment, and payroll by NAICS at county scale.

Coverage:county / national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

establishmentsemploymentpayrollcompetition+1 more
Active in Pipelinepoi competition

ZIP Code Business Patterns

U.S. Census Bureau

ZIP-level establishment and payroll context where available.

Coverage:zip / national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

zip supply densityestablishmentscompetitionpayroll
Active in Pipelineemployment workforce

Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Employment, wages, and establishment counts by industry with strong coverage.

Coverage:county / metro / state / national
Update Cadence:quarterly

Extracted Signals

employmentwagesestablishmentslabor market strength
Active in Pipelinemobility access

LEHD LODES / OnTheMap

U.S. Census Bureau

Worker flows, daytime population, and commute context at fine geographic scales.

Coverage:block / tract / county / national
Update Cadence:annual or release-based

Extracted Signals

daytime populationhome-work flowscommute pulltrade area
Active in Pipelinedemographics

BEA Regional Economic Accounts

Bureau of Economic Analysis

County GDP, income, and regional macro context.

Coverage:county / metro / national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

GDPpersonal incomemacro trendregional strength
Active in Pipelinepoi competition

Overture Maps Places

Overture Maps Foundation

Open POI and place coverage for global competitor and amenity density.

Coverage:global
Update Cadence:release-based

Extracted Signals

POI densitycompetitor countsamenity countsglobal base layer
Active in Pipelinemobility access

OpenStreetMap

OpenStreetMap Contributors

Open roads, amenities, buildings, and transport features.

Coverage:global
Update Cadence:continuous / extract-based

Extracted Signals

roadsamenitiesbuildingstransit+1 more
Active in Pipelinesearch market intent

Google Search Console

Google

Owned search telemetry for impressions, clicks, queries, and pages.

Coverage:owned pages
Update Cadence:daily / weekly / monthly

Extracted Signals

queriesimpressionsclicksCTR+1 more
Active in Pipelinesearch market intent

Bing Webmaster Tools

Microsoft

Secondary owned search telemetry outside Google.

Coverage:owned pages
Update Cadence:daily / weekly

Extracted Signals

queriesimpressionsclicksCTR+1 more
Active in Pipelinesearch market intent

Google Ads Keyword Planner

Google

Approximate keyword volume, competition, and CPC proxies.

Coverage:national / configurable
Update Cadence:monthly

Extracted Signals

keyword volumecompetitionCPCcommercial intent
Active in Pipelinesearch market intent

Microsoft Ads Keyword Planner

Microsoft

Bing-oriented keyword discovery and competition proxy.

Coverage:national / configurable
Update Cadence:monthly

Extracted Signals

keyword volumecompetitionCPCB2B intent
Active in Pipelinesearch market intent

First-Party Product Telemetry

Internal

Landing-page, report, pricing, API, and checkout behavior.

Coverage:owned pages and product surfaces
Update Cadence:daily

Extracted Signals

page viewsreport startspricing clickscheckout+1 more
Active in Pipelinedemographics

IRS SOI ZIP Income

Internal Revenue Service

ZIP-level income and wealth context.

Coverage:zip / national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

incomewealthzip context
Active in Pipelinereal estate housing

FHFA House Price Index

Federal Housing Finance Agency

Housing price context and trend signals.

Coverage:metro / state / national
Update Cadence:quarterly / monthly by series

Extracted Signals

home pricesprice trendhousing pressure
Active in Pipelinereal estate housing

HUD USPS Vacancy

HUD

Quarterly vacancy and address churn proxy.

Coverage:national / selected geographies
Update Cadence:quarterly

Extracted Signals

vacancychurnhousing pressure
Active in Pipelinepublic sector risk

FEMA National Risk Index

FEMA

Hazard risk and resilience context.

Coverage:county / tract / national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

riskhazardsresilience
Active in Pipelinepublic sector risk

CDC PLACES

CDC

Local health indicators and wellness context.

Coverage:county / tract / national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

healthwellnesschronic conditions
Active in Pipelinepublic sector risk

FCC Broadband Map

FCC

Broadband access and infrastructure context.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

broadband accessdigital infrastructure
Active in Pipelinepoi competition

NPI Registry

CMS

Healthcare provider locations and taxonomy.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

provider locationsspecialtypractice density
Active in Pipelinepublic sector risk

HIFLD Open Data

HIFLD

Institutional facilities and public infrastructure context.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

facilitiesinfrastructureinstitutions
Active in Pipelinemobility access

GTFS Transit Feeds

Various Agencies

Transit service and accessibility context.

Coverage:selected metros
Update Cadence:varies by agency

Extracted Signals

transit accessservice frequencystopsroutes
Active in Pipelinemobility access

DOT Traffic Counts

Various DOTs

Traffic counts and roadway access context.

Coverage:selected states and metros
Update Cadence:varies by agency

Extracted Signals

trafficaccessroadway movement
Planned Ingestionaccess reality

USGS Protected Areas Database (PAD-US)

USGS

National inventory of terrestrial and marine protected areas.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

protected areas
Planned Ingestionaccess reality

BLM Surface Management Polygons

BLM

Public land management and ownership.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

public land
Planned Ingestionaccess reality

USFS Geospatial Data Discovery

USFS

Forest service trails and facilities.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

forest trails
Planned Ingestionenvironmental reality

NLCD / MRLC (Land Cover)

MRLC

National land cover database.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

land cover
Planned Ingestionenvironmental reality

LANDFIRE

LANDFIRE

Wildfire and vegetation data.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

wildfire risk
Planned Ingestionenvironmental reality

EPA AirData

EPA

Air quality monitoring data.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

air quality
Planned Ingestionenvironmental reality

AirNow

AirNow

Real-time air quality.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:continuous

Extracted Signals

AQI
Planned Ingestionenvironmental reality

OpenAQ

OpenAQ

Global air quality open data.

Coverage:global
Update Cadence:continuous

Extracted Signals

air quality
Active in Pipelineenvironmental reality

EPA EJScreen

EPA

Environmental justice screening tool.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:annual
Planned Ingestionenvironmental reality

VIIRS Night Lights

NASA

Nighttime satellite imagery for human activity.

Coverage:global
Update Cadence:monthly

Extracted Signals

night lights
Planned Ingestionenvironmental reality

EPA Water Quality Portal

EPA

Water quality data.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

water quality
Planned Ingestionenvironmental reality

FAA Noise Data

FAA

Aviation noise contours.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

noise
Planned Ingestioninfrastructure reality

DOE/EIA (Energy/Outages)

DOE/EIA

Energy production and outage data.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

energy outages
Planned Ingestioninfrastructure reality

NREL Alternative Fuels Data Center

NREL

Electric charging and alternative fuel stations.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

EV charging
Planned Ingestioninfrastructure reality

OpenChargeMap

OpenChargeMap

Global open database of EV charging stations.

Coverage:global
Update Cadence:continuous
Planned Ingestioncost volatility risk

FEMA Flood Map Service Center

FEMA

Flood risk zones and maps.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

flood risk
Planned Ingestioncost volatility risk

NOAA Climate Normals

NOAA

Long-term climate averages.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:10-year / annual

Extracted Signals

climate
Planned Ingestioncost volatility risk

DOE LEAD Tool

DOE

Energy burden and affordability data.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

energy burden
Planned Ingestionregulatory business friction

Municode (Municipal Codes)

Municode

Local municipal and zoning codes.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

zoning
Planned Ingestionregulatory business friction

OpenGov

OpenGov

Local government performance and transparency data.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

government data
Planned Ingestionregulatory business friction

Accela

Accela

Permitting and licensing data.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

permits
Planned Ingestiondaily life social context

USDA Food Access Research Atlas

USDA

Food deserts and grocery access.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic
Planned Ingestiondaily life social context

NHTSA FARS (Traffic Safety)

NHTSA

Fatal accident reporting system.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

traffic safety
Planned Ingestiondaily life social context

IPEDS / NCES (Education)

NCES

School locations and education stats.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

education stats
Planned Ingestiondaily life social context

Apprenticeship.gov

DOL

Apprenticeship programs and locations.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

apprenticeships
Planned Ingestionbuilt form history

Microsoft Global ML Building Footprints

Microsoft

Building footprints detected from satellite.

Coverage:global
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

buildings
Planned Ingestionbuilt form history

OpenAddresses

OpenAddresses

Global address data points.

Coverage:global
Update Cadence:continuous

Extracted Signals

addresses
Planned Ingestionbuilt form history

National Register of Historic Places

NPS

Historic buildings and districts.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

historic places
Planned Ingestionplace texture

EPA Smart Location Database

EPA

Built environment and transit accessibility.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic
Planned Ingestionplace texture

U.S. Religion Census / ARDA

ARDA

Religious congregations and adherents.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:10-year

Extracted Signals

religion
Planned Ingestionplace texture

MIT Election Data and Science Lab

MIT

Election returns and voting patterns.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:bi-annual

Extracted Signals

politics
Planned Ingestionplace texture

USDA ERS RUCA

USDA

Rural-urban commuting area codes.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:10-year

Extracted Signals

urbanization
Planned Ingestionplace texture

IRS Migration Data

IRS

County-to-county migration flows.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:annual

Extracted Signals

migration
Planned Ingestionplace texture

CMS Provider Data Catalog

CMS

Healthcare provider locations and stats.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

healthcare
Planned Ingestionrecreation

Recreation.gov / RIDB

RIDB

Federal recreation areas and bookings.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

recreation
Active in Pipelinerecreation

National Park Service API

NPS

National park points of interest and alerts.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:continuous

Extracted Signals

national parksactivity diversity
Planned Ingestionrecreation

OpenAIP

OpenAIP

Aeronautical data for general aviation.

Coverage:global
Update Cadence:continuous

Extracted Signals

aviation
Planned Ingestionrecreation

USGS Water Data (NWIS)

USGS

Stream gauges and water flow.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:continuous

Extracted Signals

water flow
Planned Ingestionrecreation

NOAA Marine/Coastal Data

NOAA

Tides and currents data.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:continuous

Extracted Signals

marine
Planned Ingestionrecreation

FAA Airport Data

FAA

Public and private airport data including runways and seaplane bases.

Coverage:national
Update Cadence:periodic

Extracted Signals

aviation